Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Adolescent Idiopathic Arthritis - Research Paper Example The study of disease transmission The rate of this condition in the United States is 4-14 for every 100,000 offspring of under 16 years old, every year (Rabinovich, 2010). The predominance rates are evaluated to be 9-113 cases, per 100,000 populace when all is said in done (Rabinovich, 2010). Universally, it has been discovered that this condition is increasingly pervasive among specific populaces like Native Americans (Rabinovich, 2010). Etiology More frequently than not, the reason for this condition is idiopathic and most analysts are of the conclusion that the malady happens because of communication of various elements, the natural, hereditary and irresistible elements (Ringold et al, 2005). The quality which has been embroiled for this condition is IL2RA/CD25 quality. Another quality which has been involved is VTCN1 quality (Rabinovich, 2010). Pathophysiology The pathogenesis isn't surely known. The vast majority of the specialists opine that an outer trigger, as injury or disea se triggers immune system response and this prompts synovial hypertrophy and aggravation of the synovium. The aggravation broadens further and influences different organs as well (Rabinovich, 2010). ... The beginning is either sudden or deceptive. different side effects incorporate limping, gastrointestinal manifestations, redness of eye, fever, photophobia, orthopnea, weight reduction, fundamental ailment and brevity of breath (Ringold et al, 2005). Youngsters with this condition as a rule have history of school unlucky deficiencies. They are probably not going to take part in physical training classes. In numerous kids, an activating component, either as disease or as injury might be noted. History of movement to areas endemic for ticks can highlight a conclusion of Lyme's illness. In certain kids pallor might be available. Sickness in home pets is noteworthy and can highlight the conclusion of receptive joint pain (Rabinovich, 2010). Physical assessment may uncover joint pain, macular rash, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, muscle delicacy, serositis and pericardial rub (Rabinovich, 2010). Types There are chiefly 5 sorts of adolescent idiopathic joint inflammation which have b een depicted. These depend on the quantity of joints required inside a half year of introduction and related contribution of different organs in the body (Ringold et al, 2005). They are: 1. Oligoarthritis: This is the most well-known kind of adolescent idiopathic joint inflammation and records for in excess of 50 percent of the cases. It includes under 5 joints. Uveitis is normally connected with this sort (Ringold et al, 2005). 2. Polyarthritis: More than 5 joints are engaged with this sort (Ringold et al, 2005). 3. Fundamental joint pain: Systemic association is dominating in this sort and presents as fever, summed up rash and aggravation of different organs alongside joint pain. 10-20 percent instances of adolescent idiopathic joint inflammation present with foundational contribution (Ringold et al, 2005). 4. Enthesitis-related

Shanghai, a New Bubble in the World essays

Shanghai, a New Bubble in the World articles Which city is the most smoking city on the planet these days? Someone will say New York, or someone will say Tokyo; be that as it may, David Ignatius will disclose to you it ought to be Shanghai of China. As indicated by the article Come See the Shanghai Bubble composed by David Ignatius, The universes different air pockets may have emptied, what with Europe and America drooping once more, Japan still level on its back and an enemy of dollar virus spreading. However, here(Shanghai) in China, these concerns appear to be far, far away. In spite of the fact that David thinks, The Shanghai air pocket will in the end burst, as all air pocket do, Shanghai is still extremely alluring for many individuals. Abroad Chinese and outside individuals from different nations are hustling to join this dash for unheard of wealth. In any case, there are a few shortcomings in this city. The estimation by Economist fourteen days back gave us that 30 percent to 50 percent of Chinese credit may be bankrupt ; and far and away more terrible, its difficult to know. David thinks about that The main way China can keep the air pocket developing is to proceed down the way of change to make its economy increasingly open, progressively straightforward, better controlled, less degenerate. I concur with Davids stance about Shanghai Bubble. Furthermore, I accept with a decent beginning, retaining some helpful experience from different air pockets, and better administration by Chinese government, Shanghai will have a superior future and become an extraordinary air pocket on the planet. Shanghai is a city worked by both western culture and Chinese government. Open the history book about Shanghai, we will see Shanghai used to be the remote concession of some European nations. Simultaneously of they involved Shanghai, they additionally built up this city. Despite the fact that they could utilize lower evaluated laborers to get more cash-flow, they assembled numerous production lines in the old Shanghai. Likewise, they additionally brought some trend setting innovation and better training to this city. Indeed, even now, there still hav... <!

A King at War with Parliament

A King at War With Parliament The English Civil War started in 1642 between King Charles I and Parliament. Well off nobles, known as Royalists, upheld the ruler. Supporters of Parliament included Puritans, who were driven by Oliver Cromwell. Cromwell in the long run became president of Parliament’s armed force. Various fights occurred between the king’s troops and Cromwell’s armed force, some of which are appeared on the guide underneath. The main fight, which occurred at Edgehill, didn't make strides for either side. After a progression of triumphs, in any case, Cromwell and Parliament assumed responsibility for London and, in the long run, England.In 1649 Charles I was freely decapitated, and Parliament alone managed England. [pic] Map Activity 1. ON THE MAP, LABEL THE AREA OF ENGLAND. 2. Utilize a splendid shading to follow the fringes of the zone constrained by Parliament toward the beginning of the war in 1642. 3. Utilize a second brilliant shading to circle the area of the primary skirmish of the war. 4. Utilize two diverse light hues to follow the courses of powers that showed up from outside England on the side of the lord and on the side of Parliament. Dissecting Maps 5. District BASED ON THE MAP, WHO CONTROLLED A LARGER AREA OF ENGLAND AT THE START OF THE WAR IN 1642? . Area From which nation did powers attack England on the side of King Charles I at the skirmish of Nantwich in 1644? 7. Area Troops from which nation joined the Parliament armed force to crush King Charles I at Marston Moor? 8. District Based on the guide, which region of England did Parliament gain in their triumph at Marston Moor? 9. Area Based on the guide, did King Charles I or Parliament win the fight at Lostwithiel and deal with southwest England? 10. Locale Based on the guide, which little bits of England stayed in the control of the lord and his powers in December 1645?

Implementing Strategic Sourcing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Executing Strategic Sourcing - Essay Example cap gives associations the correct sort of help, empowering them to direct business inside their competency level, while not taking care of issues related with worker ineptitude. Cisco, an eminent pioneer in guaranteeing an elevated level of worldwide availability, joint effort and enlarging correspondence channels has developed to a degree of 73000 representatives, and the association works on a worldwide front. The organization has enrolled momentous advancement in its offer to utilize development to change the methods for correspondence and web network. The organization made plans to concentrate on reevaluating its corporate culture, and outline of its money related administrations. Thinking about its worldwide tasks, it experienced difficulties in guaranteeing that the social and budgetary parts of its endeavor were very much tended to, particularly in view of the relevant assorted variety. Along these lines, Cisco selected to re-appropriate boss bookkeepers, who might concentrate on the administration of the tax assessment, legal necessities and bookkeeping jobs (Kling, 2012). As the organization broadened into a lot more countries, it received the substance bolster model, and set up an association that dealt with bookkeeping duties and assumed responsibility for worldwide activities. The organization has enlisted smooth running of its tasks and compelling account administrations just as effective worldwide activities. In 2007, the organization made due with a re-appropriating adventure by consenting to an arrangement with Accenture with the specialist organization dealing with records, obtainment, and the board of the reports (Krishna, 2011). This served to explain the difficulties that Microsoft was confronting, and it has stretched out the consent to 2018. Controller workspace and administration workspace are the apparatuses that have served to guarantee that Microsoft is happy with the endeavors of Accenture. In 2012, the customer base of Sprint Nextel took off tremendously. From the outset, the organization depended on interior answers for offer al the necessary administrations. Nonetheless, the requirement for administrations became

Diploma In Nursing Assess Clients and Manage Client Care

Question: Examine about the Diploma In Nursing for Assess Clients and Manage Client Care. Answer: Presentation: In this factious exposition, the conversation theme is to comprehend the significance of early acknowledgment of the breaking down patient enduring cardiopulmonary capture. The conversation depends on Cherry Jones (2015) explanation Early acknowledgment of the breaking down patient is significant in forestalling cardiopulmonary capture and decreasing mortality, however it is an unpredictable issue inferable from reasons, for example, not perceiving early decay, poor correspondence between staff or not reacting properly to the circumstance. The early acknowledgment and the board of breaking down condition help to produce a sheltered and top notch care process (Dossey et al. 2012). Foundation Information The interminable states of heart failure continue some discernible mental variations from the norm under disintegration condition; thusly, these recognizable irregularities make acknowledgment simpler and less complex to evade the outcomes of the infection. The variations from the norm are effectively perceivable in type of imperative signs like heartbeat, circulatory strain, oxygen immersion and respiratory rate. In this manner, early acknowledgment of these essential signs in falling apart condition fills in as an instrument to deal with the interminable condition (Cherry Jones, 2015). Hugeness of Early Recognition of Patient Deterioration and Causes that Prevent Early Recognition of Patient Deterioration or Staff Failing to Respond Appropriately to an Emergency Situation Giving a short synopsis of noteworthiness Douw et al. (2015) demonstrated that early acknowledgment of disintegration helps in limiting the odds of occasions that all the while improves the condition in light of the fact that expanded number of heart assault prompts basic condition. The human services proficient can likewise control and oversee mediations in the best possible way according to early acknowledgment signs. Further, Purling King (2012) showed that a settled treatment process is trailed getting data of essential signs through early acknowledgment to improve the future and oversee sickness. Bogossian et al. (2014) contemplated that there are authoritative and workforce factors in social insurance situation that lead to disappointment of the early acknowledgment process. Further, Liaw et al. (2011) demonstrated that social insurance association need strong staff preparing with respect to signs and manifestations that signal weakening. There is likewise deficient with regards to a proper framework for disintegration correspondence. Bogossian et al. (2014) demonstrated that as early acknowledgment of disintegration is another idea in human services the staffs are commonly less gifted and prepared to oversee decaying patients. Further, association deformity incorporates bombed correspondence framework with respect to clinical concerns engaged with handover circumstances to oversee early acknowledgment procedure of decaying condition. Douw et al. (2015) concentrated some minor components like the disappointment of fundamental types of gear, delay in warning, absence of requi red help and less gifted ward staff adds to framework disappointment. Viability of Early Warning Systems in Enhancing Patient Outcomes and Process to Educate Early Warning Systems in clinical position The Early Warning Systems in some cases additionally named as track and trigger framework permit effective execution of early acknowledgment of disintegration condition utilizing the connection between the event of genuine occasions framework and mental irregularities. A portion of these frameworks are single parameter framework, various parameter framework, mix framework and so on. (Liaw et al. 2011). As indicated by Purling King (2012), these framework helps in assurance of falling apart condition to raise care process, opportune consideration is prepared, early and powerful information in regards to malady and its results are transmitted to the patient and their families. Liaw et al. (2011) contemplated the actualized Early Warning System training gave in a clinical position that included an independent course developed to improve aptitudes and capacity for acknowledgment and the board of grown-up helpless enduring these incessant conditions. End The investigation of criticalness, restrictions and viability of early acknowledgment of breaking down condition demonstrates that this contemporary clinical procedure includes a promising way to deal with boost the quality consideration accommodating constant sicknesses and conditions. There are noteworthy advantages of early notice framework to perceive the cardiovascular crumbling condition that is profiting the social insurance the board. References Books Dossey, B. M., Certificate, C. D. I. N. C., Keegan, L., Co-Director International Nurse Coach Association. (2012).Holistic nursing. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Diaries Bogossian, F., Cooper, S., Cant, R., Beauchamp, A., Porter, J., Kain, V., ... FIRST2ACT Research Team. (2014). Undergrad nursing understudies' presentation in perceiving and reacting to unexpected patient crumbling in high mental constancy reproduced conditions: An Australian multi-focus study.Nurse Education Today,34(5), 691-696. Cherry, P. G., Jones, C. P. (2015). Mentalities of nursing staff towards a Modified Early Warning System.British Journal of Nursing,24(16). Douw, G., Schoonhoven, L., Holwerda, T., van Zanten, A. R., van Achterberg, T., van der Hoeven, J. G. (2015). Medical caretakers stress or concern and early acknowledgment of breaking down patients on general wards in intense consideration clinics: a precise review.Critical Care,19(1), 1. Liaw, S. Y., Rethans, J. J., Scherpbier, A., Piyanee, K. Y. (2011). Safeguarding A Patient In Deteriorating Situations (RAPIDS): A reproduction put together instructive program with respect to perceiving, reacting and detailing of physiological indications of deterioration.Resuscitation,82(9), 1224-1230. Liaw, S. Y., Scherpbier, A., Klaininà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Yobas, P., Rethans, J. J. (2011). An audit of instructive methodologies to improve medical caretakers' jobs in perceiving and reacting to falling apart patients.International Nursing Review,58(3), 296-303. Purling, A., King, L. (2012). A writing audit: graduate medical caretakers' readiness for perceiving and reacting to the breaking down patient. Diary of clinical nursing,21(23-24), 3451-3465.

8 Amazing Audiobooks by Black Authors

8 Amazing Audiobooks by Black Authors Just like the title says, these are all amazing audiobooks. I mean they’re also great books in and of themselves, obviously, ranging from magical realism to funny personal essays to epic love stories. But quality writing doesn’t always guarantee a quality audiobook. For all of these, though, the audiobook version is top-notch andâ€"gasp!â€"maybe even better than the print version. Not only are all these authors blackâ€"American, Canadian, Jamaican, and/or Nigerianâ€"but so are all the narrators. Sea, Swallow Me and Other Stories by Craig Laurence Gidney: This is a gorgeously written and wildly inventive collection of magical realist / fantasy short stories. It’s the kind of writing that you want to linger over, because the language is so rich. These stories are strange in the best way, ranging from a Japanese monk seduced by a shape-shifting fairy to a tiger escaped from the circus merging with his African caretaker to become the monster that haunts a Southern town. Steve Ryan, the narrator, has a beautifully unique, emphatic voice that brings the darkness and eccentricity of these Lambda Literary Award finalist stories to life. Under the Udala Trees by Chinelo Okparanta: The Audie award-winning and renowned Robin Miles narrates this audiobook set in Nigeria, during the civil war of the late 60s and the years afterward. Listeners familiar with the ranges and potential transformations of Miles’s voice won’t be surprised at her success with the main character Ijeoma’s Nigerian accent and subtle yet complex personality. I was already hooked into this queer coming-of-age story in print, but was so drawn in by the audiobook when I checked it out that I switched formats half way through the book. Between the World and Me by Ta-Nehisi Coates: I’m sure I don’t need to tell you much about this book, which is one of those pieces of writing that lives up to all the hype. In case you’ve been living under a rock for the past year, Between the World and Me is a series of letters from Coates to his son about blackness and race in America. It’s an incredibly powerful mix of memoir, journalism, and history. Coates narrates the book himself; not only does he simply have a beautiful voice, he infuses every sentence with urgency and passion. Self-Inflicted Wounds: Heartwarming Tales of Epic Humiliation by Aisha Tyler: You know an audiobook narrated by an author who’s an actress and comedian is going to be good. Aisha Tyler’s on-point comedic timing and effortless delivery makes this such a fun collection of funny stories about all the embarrassing, stupid shit she’s done in her life. It’s the kind of audiobook you just can’t stop listening to. Her writing is great, natural but evocative just like how she reads. It’s a bit like sitting down with your really articulate friend telling you I-can’t-believe-that’s-true stories. It never sounds like she’s reading off the page. Americanah by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: This is another book I’m sure doesn’t need an introduction; Adichie’s international story about race and love centred around two Nigerian lovers over the cross of their lives has won and been nominated for oodles of awards. Why should you try the audiobook version? The narration by actress Adjoa Andoh, that’s why. It is just wow. She gracefully switches between accents, voices, genders, and more as she brings this eclectic cast of characters to life. You’ll never have trouble telling anyone apart. Andoh even excels at differentiating Ifemelus snarkier blog voice from her IRL one. A Brief History of Seven Killings by Marlon James: This audiobook read by a superbly talented cast of actors is really more of a radio play than an audiobook. Men, women, black, white, American, Jamaican, queer, and straight, all of these voices contribute to James’s epic story centring on the attempted assassination of Bob Marley in the late 70s. Not for the faint of heart, A Brief History of Seven Killings, as the title implies, is full of violence as well as ample swearing and drugs. But that’s not all there is to this multi-layered piece of fiction. For readers not familiar with Jamaican dialect, it is amazing to hear it pronounced as it should be by Jamaican actors. All of the acting is phenomenal: I’ll never forget the scene where a gang member dies and you could hear it in the actor’s laboured breathing. I can still hear the voices of the characters in my head almost a year after listening to it. Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston: This is a classic you may have already read that would be amazing to re-visit in audio form. You’ll see the main character Janie Crawford, the Southern black women living in the 30s and gaining her independence, in a whole new way. Like Marlon’s Brief History, there is dialect and vernacular speech in this book that if you’re not familiar with you just can’t appreciate if you’re only hearing it inside your own head. Ruby Dee, who narrates, has the gorgeously velvety voice of an old-school actress, full of feeling and poetry, just like Hurston’s words. I especially love how she does the characters’ laughs; they sound so real. Sister Mine by Nalo Hopkinson: This is another audiobook superbly narrated by Robin Miles, although in a voice almost unrecognizable from Under the Udala Trees. Sister Mine is a delightfully odd book about queer polyamorous demi-gods, dysfunctional families, sibling rivalry, Afro-Caribbean mythology, and present day Toronto. What really epitomizes the wonderful oddities of this book is the fact that there’s a character who used to be Jimi Hendrix’s guitar.  You know, he’s an enspirited object, currently in human form.  No big deal. Miles’s narration evokes both the magical and everyday elements of the book. Sign up for Audiobooks to receive the latest from the audiobooks world. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Pros And Cons Of The Electoral College - Free Essay Example

Imagine a school had to vote for their favorite video game. If majority of the school votes a specific game then they get to keep that game, but each class has different number of individuals so bigger classes count differently than the smaller ones. Therefore, if the bigger classes vote a specific video game they have a higher chance getting that game since their numbers are higher. This is how the electoral college works. As stated in Professor Beckerrs lecture, in 1787, the founding fathers wanted to create a more reliable way for Americans to vote for presidency because they did not trust the popular vote- this led to creation of the electoral college. According to the article Electoral Vote vs Popular Vote by Diffen, the electoral college consists of several electors in each state that gather votes and whichever candidate gets 270, they win presidency. Even though the electoral college has a lot of debatable reasons why it should be reformed, it would be best that the electoral college gets abolished instead. By choosing to abolish the electoral college, we would be able to have more equitable elections over the next generations. The electoral college may have a few pros and cons. First one pro is that no matter what year it is, the number to win is always 270 so not a lot of people can forget that when watching the elections. Second pro would be that since the census changes, so do the numbers of electors per state (Electoral Vote vs Popular Vote). So not only is it based on numbers, it evens itself out in states based on population. One con is that already we see that the electoral college creates favorites when it comes to states. In this case it means that the candidates would mostly focus certain states rather than the whole population in general. States such as California, New York, Florida, and Texas have immensely more electors than smaller states (Electoral Vote vs Popular Vote). This creates an unfair advantage for the vast population since they have a smaller number of electors. For example, it would be unfair if one candidate can have more states but less electors and so they would lose anyway since they got the votes of the smaller states instead. Second con would be that not all parties are equally divided. The electoral college tends to lean more on the republic and democratic side rather than the third parties that are stated in the elections. Therefore, instead of having the electoral college the way it is, it should be eradicated, and the voting system should be changed so the majority would vote and have the same number as other states. This would create a winner takes all for every state instead of specific ones. One reason why it would be more of a representative presidential election is that the other people also known as the third parties would be able to have a higher chance for getting elected than taking part of the electoral college. This wo uld allow more third parties to be involved with more media ads and have more chances being seen in the public eye. Another reason why it would be more of a representative presidential election is that since the candidates would want to get everyoners votes, their choices they make would involve everyone instead of singling out other states. Meaning, that if a candidate really wanted to get voted, then they would offer more ideas to capture everyoners eye. There would be a lot of pros and cons for having the electoral college eradicated and letting the majority vote instead. First pro would be that people all over the United States would finally feel that their vote would matter. This would finally let future generations feel that their vote would count. Next pro would be that it since it would make the people feel that their voice is heard rather than forgotten this would increase the chances for people to pay attention more and voting more frequently. People would more likely want to vote rather than just watch and see who gets elected. Another pro would be that minority parties or third parties would have more of a chance for getting voted rather than in electoral college where it is almost impossible to get elected. This would allow people with other races/ or ethnicities to want to get involved if they want to be a candidate instead of feeling that they have no chance against the popular groups. There are quite a few cons if the electoral college was abolished and majority voted instead. First con, is that since there are more parties being involved some voters would no know who to vote so there would be many choices to choose from. This might make people feel that they might be overwhelmed when voting. Another con is that if each state were counted as the same number, the elections might be longer than it is rather than in the electoral college where a number can be as high as 55 which is known the number of electors in California (Electoral Vote vs Popular Vote). According to the article Eliminating the Electoral College Would Corrupt Our Elections by Trent England, another con would that since the electoral college prevents fraud, there would be more of chance it would happen. This would mean that candidates would be able to outsmart the system and be able to cheat their way into presidency. Even though fraud could happen in elections, that does not mean that if they get caught, they would not be penalized. If the electoral college would be abolished and have the majority vote instead it would help the system out in many ways. According to Trent England, the first reason why it would help the system is because instead of having recounts in presidential elections, there would be a final winner each time. This would prevent the elections from stalling and would make the elections faster. Another reason that it would help the system is because if people voted for their candidate for economic reasons, for example to lower taxes, then they have a better chance for having a better economy if more people saw this as an opportunity to get their state back in to shape then that candidate has captured their eye in the elections. This could also capture the eyes of a state that immensely needs financial help as well. Finally, The United States have been through a lot of elections that include many presidents that were not best suited for the job and others that were very well qualified and even saved the United States from many disasters. Even though there were some presidents and some that were not, that does not mean that the United States will always be there same. There are a lot of elections that some people do not win because the electoral college says they did not have enough points. But, if the electoral college was abolished many people would feel that the government would let destiny take its path and let whoever the American citizens vote lead them to a better society. As stated before that if majority was to vote instead of the electoral college then this would also lead to a better economic system financially, socially, and mentally. This is what people need today. Instead of people getting into debates about who voted for who, they would understand that the majority would have to ha ve to vote instead of the main states instead leaving the United States a little more satisfied with their votes. Therefore, I wish to abolish the electoral college.

A Study on Accountancy Students Shifting to Other Courses

1. A good thesis statement is your introduction to your subject. It is how you introduce yourself and your work to your reader. Your thesis needs to be well researched, provide an overview of your argument, make the reader ask for more, anticipate the readers arguments, and be clear and concise. Research 2. Writing a thesis starts with research. Take a look at the primary sources you have to work with and get an idea of the angle you want to take with your paper: this will be reflected in your thesis. Since research will continue throughout the process of your paper or project, you may end up going in a different direction or being convinced your stance at the beginning was wrong. Do not be afraid to change your thesis. Topic and Road†¦show more content†¦The importance of this bias is illustrated by the fact that several extant studies estimate an equity premium in the vicinity of 3 percent, which would be eliminated by the removal of the bias. We illustrate the point that cross-sample differences in the bias may lead to the erroneous conclusion that cost of capital differs across these samples by showing that analysts optimism and, hence, bias in the implied estimates of the expected rate of return, differs with firm size and with analysts recommendation. As an important aside, we show that the bias in a value-weighted estimate of the implied equity premium is 1.60 percent and that the unbiased value-weighted estimate of this premium is 4.43 percent. EASTON, P., MONAHAN, S., VASVARI, F. Initial Evidence on the Role of Earnings in the Bond Market Journal of Accounting Research We document that: (1) the incidence of bond trade increases during the days surrounding earnings announcements, (2) there is a bond-price reaction to the announcement of earnings, and (3) there is a positive association between annual bond returns and both annual changes in earnings and annual analysts forecast errors. All of these effects are larger when earnings convey bad news or when the underlying bond is more risky. Taken together, our results suggest that the nonlinear payoff structure of bond securities affects the role of accounting earnings in the bond market. EASTON, P.,Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Shifting Of Students On Different Academic Tracks1425 Words   |  6 PagesChapter II Review of Related literature and Studies Topic: Causes of Shifting of Students to Different Academic Tracks Background of the Study Prior to 2016, the Philippines is the last country in Asia, and one of only three countries (Angola and Djibouti) in the world that has a 10-year basic education. On May 15, 2013, President Benigno Aquino III signed into law the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 otherwise known as Republic Act No. 10533. 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The reasons of these mismatches might be due to the produced graduates of colleges that do not fit the present demand of the economy, or the graduates were notRead MoreSusan Munro, Service Customer Analysis1646 Words   |  7 Pagesnote: this paper has already been submitted to the school mentioned, all contents of this paper reflects the views of the author. this paper is purely original, and not based from any other paper. the format was predetermined by the professor. Holy Angel University COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY Department of Business Management A.Y. 2010-2011 CASE ANALYSIS Susan Munroe, Service Customer Submitted to: Mrs. Cristina Naguit Submitted by: LEADER: Fernandez, Marvin T. MEMBERS: Lansangan, ChimovaRead MoreSusan Munro, Service Customer Analysis1654 Words   |  7 Pagesnote: this paper has already been submitted to the school mentioned, all contents of this paper reflects the views of the author. this paper is purely original, and not based from any other paper. the format was predetermined by the professor. Holy Angel University COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY Department of Business Management A.Y. 2010-2011 CASE ANALYSIS Susan Munroe, Service Customer Submitted to: Mrs. Cristina Naguit Submitted by: LEADER: Fernandez, Marvin T. MEMBERS:Read MoreThe Industrial Attachment Report7144 Words   |  29 PagesATTACHMENT REPORT AT NAIROBI AVIATION COLLEGE-KISUMU BRANCH P.O BOX 751-40100, KISUMU Tel057-2022410,2022411,07149221937,0731931513 EMAIL: nackisumu@nac.ac.ke NAME: ODHIAMBO ABONYO LAZARO INSTITUTION: MAWEGO TECHNICAL TRAINING INSTITUTE ADM NO: 5728 COURSE: DIPLOMA IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SUPERVISOR: CALISTO OYUGI MR. PERIOD OF ATTACHMENT: AUGUST TO NOVEMBER 2012  © November 15, 2012TABLE OF CONTENTSDeclaration †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ | | Dedication †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreStrategic Development and Swot Analysis at the University of Technology, Mauritius.5247 Words   |  21 Pageslocally, mostly in niche areas like Information Technology, Law, Management, Accountancy and Finance. Some institutions provide tertiary education in range of disciplines, spanning from Certificate to PhD, while others focus their activities to some restricted areas and levels. A majority of these private institutions operate on a part-time basis, in the evenings, weekends and on some weekdays with relatively small student cohorts. 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Abella October 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TITLE PAGE i TABLE OF CONTENTS ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii ABSTRACT iv Chapter 1 The Problem and Its Scope Rationale of the Study 1 Statement of the Problem 2 Significance of the Study

Muenster Pump Case Analysis Essay - 908 Words

Muenster Pump Case Analysis I. Major Facts Related to the Muenster Pump Case A. The company has cast its own pump housings for over 40 years. A competitor is now offering a cheaper alternative should Muenster choose to outsource pump housings. Terri, Purchasing Manager for Muenster, has learned that Union’s quote of $90 is one half the price it takes Muenster to manufacture their own pump housings. She’s proposed outsourcing but met with resistance on multiple grounds. B. The ownership is against outsourcing based on: a. Muenster controls the production, quality and quantity. b. Muenster’s reputation and name directly tied to product created in-house. c. Should the foundry close due to outsourcing, 16 employees would be†¦show more content†¦B. Plan B – Outsource to Union, Form an Alliance a. Overcome management’s resistance by preparing and presenting a strategic plan for an alliance between Muenster and Union. b. Choose a cross-functional team, including individuals from finance, legal, operations, production, purchasing, and other vested interest parties, to work with Union representatives on the strategic alliance. c. The alliance will share technological developments, innovations in RD, define the responsibilities and limitations of each company as required for quality, quantity and production schedules, reduce risks, lessen costs and forge a long-term relationship of trust. d. This is a more time-intensive alternative and perhaps not feasible due to the old-school environment of Muenster, but it could possibly be the best alternative to keep Muenster Pump competitive in the market. C. Plan B – Trial Period - Outsource some; Keep some production in-house. a. Based on the developments in casting used by Union, opt to test their worth by outsourcing a small percentage of castings for a trial period. b. Based on the information of new developments and substantially lower costs, secure upper management’s blessing and create a cross-functional team (upper management, production, finance, operations, etc) to outsource the minimal number of pump housings from Union. Follow-up with intensive quality

Lead (Lede) Writing the Opening Sentences

A lead  or lede refers to the opening sentences  of a brief composition  or the first paragraph or two of a longer article or essay. Leads introduce the topic or purpose of a paper, and particularly in the case of journalism, need to grab the readers attention. A lead is a promise of whats to come, a promise that the piece will satisfy what a reader needs to know. They can take many styles and approaches and be a variety of lengths, but to be successful, leads need to keep the readers reading, or else all the research and reporting that went into the story wont reach anyone. Most often when people talk about leads, its in professional periodical writing, such as in newspapers and magazines.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Opinions Differ on Length Many ways exist as  far as how to write a lead, the styles of which likely differ  based on the tone or voice of the piece and intended audience in a story—and even the overall length of the story. A long feature in a magazine can get away with a lead that builds more slowly than an in-the-moment news story about a breaking news event in a daily paper or on a news website. Some writers note that the first sentence is the most important of a story;  some might extend that to the first paragraph. Still, others might emphasize defining the  audience  and message to those people in the first 10 words. Whatever the length, a  good lead relates the issue to the readers and  shows why its important for them and  how it relates to them. If theyre invested from the get-go, theyll keep reading. Hard News Versus Features Hard news leads get the who, what, why, where, when, and how in the piece up front, the most important bits of information right up top. Theyre part of the classic reverse-pyramid news story structure.   Features can start off in a multitude of ways, such as with an anecdote  or a quotation  or dialogue and will want to get the point of view established right away. Feature stories and news both can set the scene with a narrative description.  They also can  establish a  face of the story, for example, to personalize an issue by showing how its affecting an ordinary person. Stories with arresting leads might exhibit tension right up front or pose a problem thatll be discussed. They might phrase their first sentence in the form of a question. Where you put the historical information or the background information depends on the piece, but it can also function in the lead to ground the readers and get them context to the piece right away, to immediately understand the storys importance. All that said, news and features dont necessarily have hard-and-fast rules about what leads work for either type; the style you take depends on the story you have to tell and how it will be most effectively conveyed. Creatinga Hook Newspaper reporters have varied the form of their work, including writing more creative story leads. These leads are often less direct and less formulaic than the traditional news summary lead. Some journalists call these soft or indirect news leads.The most obvious way to modify a news summary lead is to use only the feature fact or perhaps two of the what, who, where, when, why and how in the lead. By delaying some of the answers to these essential reader questions, the sentences can be short, and the writer can create a hook to catch or entice the reader to continue into the body of the story.(Thomas Rolnicki, C. Dow Tate, and Sherri Taylor, Scholastic Journalism. Blackwell, 2007) Using Arresting Detail There are editors...who will try to take an interesting detail out of the story simply because the detail happens to horrify or appall them. One of them kept saying that people read this paper at breakfast, I was told by Edna [Buchanan], whose own idea of a successful lead is one that might cause a reader who is having breakfast with his wife to spit out his coffee, clutch his chest, and say, My God, Martha! Did you read this!(Calvin Trillin, Covering the Cops [Edna Buchanan]. Life Stories: Profiles from The New Yorker, ed. by David Remnick. Random House, 2000) Joan Didion and Ron Rosenbaum onLeads ​Joan Didion: Whats so hard about the first sentence is that youre stuck with it. Everything else is going to flow out of that sentence. And by the time youve laid down the first two sentences, your options are all gone.(Joan Didion, quoted in The Writer, 1985) Ron Rosenbaum: For me, the lead is the most important element. A good lead embodies much of what the story is about—its tone, its focus, its mood. Once I sense that this is a great lead I can really start writing. It is a heuristic: a great lead really leads you toward something.(Ron Rosenbaum in The New New Journalism: Conversations With Americas Best Nonfiction Writers on Their Craft, by Robert S. Boynton. Vintage Books, 2005) The Myth of the Perfect First Line Its a newsroom article of faith that you should begin by struggling for the perfect lead. Once that opening finally comes to you—according to the legend—the rest of the story will flow like lava.Not likely...Starting with the lead is like starting medical school with brain surgery. Weve all been taught that the first sentence is the most important; so its also the scariest. Instead of writing it, we fuss and fume and procrastinate. Or we waste hours writing and rewriting the first few lines, rather than getting on with the body of the piece...The first sentence points the way for everything that follows. But writing it before youve sorted out your material, thought about your focus, or stimulated your thinking with some actual writing is a recipe for getting lost. When youre ready to write, what you need is not a finely polished opening sentence, but a clear statement of your theme.(Jack R. Hart, A Writers Coach: An Editors Guide to Words That Work. Random House, 2006)

A Critique on Business Process Reengineering - 1203 Words

A CRITIQUE on Reengineering Work: Don’t Automate, Obliterate by Michael Hammer Harvard Business Review July-August 1990 Summary Hammer emphasises the futility of using Information Technology to mechanise the existing processes. He believes in necessity for breaking away from the outdated rules and fundamental assumption that underlie operations to keep up with the quickly changing, growing competitiveness. To achieve this, companies should use the power of modern Information Technology to radically redesign their processes to achieve dramatic improvements. He implies that the result is uncertain but sees reengineering as the only hope for breaking away from the antiquated processes that threaten to drag many†¦show more content†¦The paper courages the reader: After having read the success stories and the extent of the improvement, one could say why can’t we manage? The principles are supported by Ford’s and MBL’s experiences. This shows that each principle presented in the paper is proven and sensitively selected. What he suggests to reengineer the businesses to get dramatic improvements is not something unfamiliar to companies which implement Total Quality to a certain extent. For example, cross-functional perspective and building control into the process already exist in Total Quality. Thus, mentioning these aspects of reengineering in this paper increases its attractiveness and the level of acceptance for those implementing Total Quality. Those aiming at some continuous incremental improvements can understand the importance of rethinking of their businesses then get some quantum leaps in their performance. Weaknesses Of The Paper Hammer has very well explained what reengineering work really means by ‘Don’t Automate, Obliterate’. However, this may lead to false starts: Identifying and understanding the current processes constitute one of the very first steps in BPR. One could misunderstand and ignore this. Therefore, the scope of the verb ‘obliterate’ should have been defined broadly. Hammer, who first coined BPR, sees reengineering as an all-or-nothing proposition with an uncertain result. Given this uncertainty, he also presents reengineering as theShow MoreRelatedBusiness Process Reengineering3564 Words   |  15 PagesBusiness process reengineering - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_process_reengineering From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The analysis and design of workflows and processes within an organization. A business process is a set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined business outcome. Re-engineering is the basis for many recent developments in management. The cross-functional team, for example, has become popular because of the desireRead MoreTotal Quality Management and Core Process Reengineering6858 Words   |  28 Pagestheir business practices and become more customer-focused. All recent business approaches and techniques have generally aimed at improving performance, increasing profits, gaining market share, and most importantly satisfying the customer who has become more educated and more demanding than ever. In the last two decades two organizational development models have dominated the business world for a considerable period of time namely Total Quality Management (TQM) and Core Process Reengineering (CPR)Read MoreReengineering in Access Bank Plc14984 Words   |  60 Pages 1.0 INTRODUCTION Access Bank Plc is on the company carrying on the business of commercial banking in Nigeria. Access Bank Plc has its registered corporate head office at Plot 1665 Oyin Jolayemi Street Victoria Island Lagos. Access bank Plc was in- corporated as a private limited liability company on February 8, 1989, to undertake the business of commercial banking and commercial operations started on May 11, 1989. The bank converted to a public limited liability company on March 24, 1989 andRead MoreFord Motor Company Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagestorFord Motor Company Case Report Executive Summary Ford Motor Company is based in Dearborn Michigan and was incorporated in 1903 by Henry Ford. Its core business is the design and manufacturing of automobiles. As Teri Takai, the Director of Supply Chain Systems, I will recommend Environmental and Root Cause Analysis How should Ford progress with emerging technologies and other high tech ideas Virtual integration - Ford needs to radically change its supply chain to keep up with the changing technologiesRead MoreProvidian Trust: Tradition and Technology (a)859 Words   |  4 PagesIT Management – Providian Trust: Tradition and Technology (A) Rishi Kothari Team 5 - SouthEnd Business Context/Key Business Drivers * Providian Trust was headquartered in New York. In 1994 it was the 10th largest provider of financial and fiduciary services through its network of 216 branches. * The company has 3 divisions, Pension and Institutional Trust Services, Personal Trust and Trust Operations * The company’s lending products—including residential and commercial mortgagesRead MoreThe Concept of Strategy and Strategic Management1718 Words   |  7 PagesManagement Process is: The full set of commitments, decisions, and actions required for a firm to create value and earn aboveaverage returns. (Hitt, Hoskinson, Ireland, 2004, p. 4) Strategic Management basically seeks to answer the question: How and why do some firms outperform others? 2 Other Definitions of Strategy Oxford Dictionary: The art of war, especially the planning of movements of troops and ships etc., into favorable positions; plan of action or policy in business or politicsRead MoreBusiness Process Reengineering and Human Resource Management6517 Words   |  27 PagesBusiness Process Reengineering and Human Resource Management By Hugh Willmott Judge Institute of Management University of Cambridge, UK A later version of this article appears in Personal Review, 23, 3: 34-46 (1994) For more information on published articles by Hugh Willmott please refer to http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/town/close/hr22/hcwhomeBusiness Process Reengineering and Human Resource Management Hugh Willmott Manchester School of Management, UMIST Abstract This article reviews theRead MoreDescribe Two Models for Change. Include Appropriate Examples in Your Answer. Identify the Necessary Steps for Planning the Implementation Process for Each of the Models3403 Words   |  14 Pagesfor to be considered and discussed in this section are the Business Process Re-engineering and Kaizen models. Business Process Re-engineering Definition The world today is ever changing, moving from one phase to the other and the only thing that does not change is ‘change’ itself. As the modern business environment is propelled by the three Cs namely Customer, Competition and Change, organisations are always looking for new business innovations to salvage their ailing enterprise. (Hammer andRead MoreBpr and Zara1950 Words   |  8 PagesOrigin and meaning of BPR Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) had its origin in America in the early 1990s. It is a process where a group of logically related tasks involves the firm s resources to provide customer-oriented results in support of the organization s objectives (www.oaktraining.com). Every organization venture into re-engineering for three â€Å"C† and they are customers, competition and change. From the customers emerge demand, there is constant change in their needsRead MoreOrganization Restructuring26680 Words   |  107 PagesCONSIDERATIONS/CRITIQUE: What else do we need to know? 18. REFERENCES: Citations (particularly for Sections 5 (a b), 13, and 14) are provided. TABLE OF CONTENTS Intervention Name Page Total Quality Management †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 Employee Empowerment Programs †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 15 Quality of Work Life Programs †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 26 Implementing a Team-based (AWG, etc.) Organization †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 34 ISO 9000 and Beyond †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 47 Process Reengineering †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦

Why Illegals Should Be Deported Free Essays

Why Illegal Immigrants should be deported! Immigrants come to America chasing hopes and dreams of someday having a life of wealth. The United States has this imagine that everything will be better and all your problems will be solved. However, in the last century we’ve had a raise of Illegal Immigrants in the country. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Illegals Should Be Deported or any similar topic only for you Order Now With our economy in the trash and millions out of work it would be helpful if Americans could find work. Even before the economy crashed millions were finding it hard to find a job. One of the main reasons is because illegal immigrants will work for less money and get paid under the table. According to a study a Wall Street investment firm called Bear Stearns did four to six million jobs have taken over by immigrants since 1990. Also, before the recession the poor was already having trouble finding work. The reason for this is business would rather forgo paying taxes on workers, have cheap cost, and save money. Along with this it cause’s the country to spend millions of dollars on Illegal’s who are not paying taxes for programs they use. The tax payers pay in to government programs that provide assistance to many families.Illegal Immigrants’ use these programs without ever having to pay in. It is reported by the IRS that six million file individual income tax returns. With government programs 11-22 billion is spent on welfare, 2. 2 billion in food assistance, and 2. 5 billion in Medicaid. Many understand that some of those are used for the Illegal’s children who do become American citizens. It is also unfair that while the rest of the United States is working hard for their benefits many get to work without having to pay in and get them for free.This makes many think that the Immigrants do not respect our Country enough so they shouldn’t be here. Respect should be a key important factor when living in the United States. If you do not respect it, then how can you live here? Respect can come in many different forms. One of these ways is to pay taxes like other Americans have to. If you’re going to live off American programs than pay in and help support your own way. Also, they send money back to Mexico to their families.Helping out your family is great, but if you’re not paying your taxes and helping stimulate the American economy and your helping another, that’s just not right. It is not fair for those hard working Americans to have to pick up the slack of others. Crime is becoming more of a problem as more Immigrants come to the United States. Crime has risen in many of the areas that illegal’s reside in. It’s said that there are three million incrassated illegal aliens and that 30 percent of federal prisons is made up of illegal aliens.It is said that in 2006 the death toll of Americans killed by Illegal’s overshadowed soldiers killed in Iraq and Afghanistan. Many of the crimes committed by Illegal’s are not just tiny crimes, they are murders, molestations, and drug trafficking. It is said that in one day 12 Americans are murdered by Illegal’s, and that 63 percent are sex offenders. They have also caused a rise in diseases being spread. When entering the United States Legally the immigrants are tested for all diseases that might be spread onto other Americans. When Illegal’s come into the country they are not tested bringing many harmful diseases. In 2002 900 cases of Leprosy were reported, the following three years 9,000 were illegal aliens. Recently Malaria has been found in our blood supply and it has also raisin in southern California, New Jersey, New York, and Houston Texas. In 2006 we started testing for Changas Disease because many Illegal’s infected our supply and it’s said that 100,00-500,000 are infected with it in the united states. Some of the ways it is transferred through is schools, restaurants, police, hospitals, and our blood supply.Many people may not agree to deport the Illegal aliens, but once you sit down and think about the reasons it’s hard to not want to. There may be some good Immigrants, but the facts show that most of them are just causing a problem for the U. S. If one can’t come to the country legally than they shouldn’t be here. The U. S needs to stand up and deport the Illegal’s and guard our borders. It shouldn’t be about how they might not be elected next year for office. It’s a matter of principal and helping the Americans who are here legally and do not break the laws and cause problems. How to cite Why Illegals Should Be Deported, Papers

Unfair Contract Terms and the Consumer

Question: Describe about the Unfair Contract Terms and the Consumer. Answer: The issue that has to be decided in this case arises on the basis of the facts that Drew Breeze wanted to climb the Sydney Harbour Bridge so that he can see the spectacular view of the city. But when Drew started the climb, there was thick fog. Janet, an employee of SCST assured Drew that the fog always lifts during the day and definitely, it will be gone by the time Drew climbs and reaches the top. However when Drew reached the top, there was thick fog. Moreover, when he was climbing down the bridge, Drew slipped and fell 3 meters as the safety straps provided by SCST were badly worn and therefore they came apart when Drew fell. However when Drew asked for a refund, SCST claimed that they cannot control the weather. At the same time, when Drew claimed his medical expenses of $2900, the company refused to pay and pointed out towards the contract between them. According to clause 45 of the contract that has been mentioned on the second page, it was stated that the parties acknowledge that the standard terms and conditions of SCST applied to this contract. The standard terms and conditions of the company have been permanently mentioned in their office. However these terms and conditions have been located in a wall under a coat rack. One of the terms provided that the company or its employees will not be liable for any injury or damage suffered by the customers. Under these circumstances, the issue arises if the exclusion clause is applicable in this case and if Drew can claim compensation for his loss and medical expenses. A disclaimer that is present in a contract can be described as clause with the help of which, one party to the contract tries to limit the application of some terms of the contract audit otherwise denies the right or the liability of the party under the contract. An example in this regard can be given a situation where a party wants to clearly express that it does not give any warranty or representation regarding the accuracy or the completeness of any information provided by it (Darlington Futures v Delco Aus., 1986). However, such a disclaimer will not be considered as effective if it can be established by the other party as a question of fact that certain representations were made. An exclusion clause also operates in the same way as it tries to exclude or limit the liability of a party under the contract. For instance, a party may want to exclude its liability regarding a particular matter to the extent that is permissible under the law or such party we want to exclude its liability for negligence or want to qualify the rights of the other party in case of a breach of contract (Davidson, 2007). At this point it needs to be mentioned that the law does not allow a party to exclude its liability in case of fraud or he cannot contract out of the applicable laws. In this way, it can be said that generally an exclusion clause is present in writing and it provides that one party will not be held liable in case of a certain happening. Therefore, for instance it has been commonly seen that when a person goes to the gym, the contract mentions that the owner of the gym will not be liable in case the person suffers an injury while exercising. In the same way, when a fee has been paid to park the car at a public car park, the owner of the car park may try to exclude its liability by inserting a clause in the contract according to which the owner will not be liable in case any damages suffered by the car. It needs to be noted that an exclusion clause is valid and enforceable under the law if such a clause has been properly inserted in the contract and at the same time, the clause is not contrary to law (Howell, 2006). In order to be properly incorporated in a contract, an illusion clause cannot be inserted in the contract after the contract has been concluded between the parties. Therefore in case of a signed contract which contains the exclusion clause, generally it will be considered that the clause is a part of the contract (Horrigan, 2004). On the other hand, if the parties have not signed the contract, but there are certain printed documents on signs that have been posted, which mention the terms, such a clause can only be considered as a part of the contract if it has been brought to the notice of the other party before the contract has been made. An example in this regard can be given of the case titled Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking Ltd. (1971). In this case, a driver has to take a parking ticket from a ticket vending machine at the time of printing the car park. The court stated that the driver will be bound only by the terms that have been brought to snow days before taking the ticket. The reason is that according to the law of contract, contract is created between the parties and the ticket is taken. Therefore the owner of the car park cannot rely on the exclusion clause that has been mentioned on the back of the ticket if it has not done anything beforehand to make the drivers aware of the presence of an exclusion clause. For example in such a case, the exclusion clause would have been prominently mentioned at any point before the ticket is taken. Hence in such a case if the car is damaged as a result of the negligence of the employees of the parking company, the owner of the car park will be held liable even if it has men tioned an exclusion clause. However, what are the reasonable steps that need to be taken in order to draw the attention of the other party towards the presence of an exclusion clause, varies from case to case (Griggs, 2005). For example, these days in case of most of the car parks, there are printed signs at the front of the ticket window according to which, the car park will not be liable for any damage caused to the cars that have been left on the premises. Another requirement regarding the enforceability of an exclusion clause is that the clause should be lawful. In this regard, certain significant obligations have been imposed by the law towards the customers. These obligations can be implied by statute (Australian Consumer Law) in case of consumer contracts and therefore, these obligations cannot be excluded by adding a contractual term to that effect. It also needs to be mentioned at this point that generally the courts give the narrowest possible rating to an exclusion clause. Therefore in case of a doubt, the courts adopt the interpretation that is most favorable for the consumers. At the same time, generally an exclusion clause will not cover a breach that has taken place outside the four corners of the contract, for example when something has been done by the other party that was not authorized under the contract. In the present case, Drew has entered the contract on the basis of the representations made by Janet, an employee of SCST. However, on the second page of the contract, clause 45 mentions that the parties will be bound by the standard terms and conditions of the company. On the other hand, the standard terms and conditions of SCST have been displayed at the office of the company. Moreover, these terms and conditions have been placed on a less conspicuous place on a wall of the office. According to one of the terms, it has been mentioned as the company or its employees or represented this cannot be held liable for the injury or the damage that may be suffered by the customers. However in this regard it needs to be noted that this term cannot be considered as a part of the contract between Drew and the company. The reason is that this clause is not a part of the signed document. Moreover, no efforts were made by the companies bring this clause to the notice of Drew before he had entered into the contract with SCST. It also needs to be mentioned that the clause was not seen by Drew before he had entered into a contract with SCST. Therefore in this case, it can be said that SCST cannot rely on his term and conditions in which it has been mentioned that the company will not be liable for any injury or damage suffered by the customers. References Davidson, J. (2007) Unfair Contract Terms and the Consumer: A Case for Proactive Regulation? 15 Competition and Consumer Law Journal 74 Griggs, L. (2005) The (Ir)rational Consumer and Why We Need National Legislation Governing Unfair Contract Terms, 13 Competition and Consumer Law Journal 51 Horrigan, B. (2004) The Expansion of Fairness-Based Business Regulation Unconscionability, Good Faith and the Laws Informed Conscience, 32 Australian Business Law Review 159 Howell, N. (2006) Catching Up with Consumer Realities: The Need for Legislation Prohibiting Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts, 34 Australian Business Law Review 447 Case Law Darlington Futures v Delco Aus (1986) HCA 82 Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking (1971) 2 WLR 585

Research Paper On Citizenship Essay Example

Research Paper On Citizenship Essay Citizenship Research Paper When you are assigned writing a research paper on the topic of citizenship, you are going to need to have a unique and interesting thesis statement to focus your research on. There are a ton of different elements that make up the area of citizenship that you will be able to consider for your unique research paper. When you are working through the process of creating an interesting thesis statement, you are going to need to consider a variety of different elements to a thesis statement’s purpose. Some of the requirements for writing a great thesis statement include: You will need to remember that your thesis statement is not the same as a main idea sentence Your thesis statement will be introducing the readers to the argument that you are making Your main idea sentence is going to act as a map to the organization and presentation of the supporting details The thesis statement must make a strong argument that is offering a new and interesting look at provable information These are just a couple of the most important elements to writing a great thesis statement. If you are writing an essay on citizenship, then you are going to need to decide upon a thesis statement that will be making some sort of argument about the topic of citizenship. Citizenship is a rather broad subject for you to work through, therefore, you are going to want to make sure that you are choosing a topic that is a little more focused so that you can make a strong argument. Choose an element of citizenship that is a controversial topic. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper On Citizenship specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper On Citizenship specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper On Citizenship specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A controversial topic that is under the subject matter of citizenship is a great way to make a bold statement and then support that statement with solid information. If you are having trouble with formulating a strong thesis statement in regards to the topic of citizenship, then you will be able to turn to a number of sources in order for you to get write my essay help.

What is a Sample Essay?

What is a Sample Essay?An important concept of learning is the sample essay. It is often referred to as a blueprint to write your own essay. The reason it is important is because there are many different samples of essays and what works for one person may not work for you.In terms of essays, a sample essay is just an example of how you would write something in a different way. The fact that it is a sample means that you will probably need to make some changes to the formula in order to fit it into your situation. It also means that you have a clue on how you might respond to certain situations. An example may be that if you do not have much writing experience you will have to improvise. If you are always using the same formula in everything you write, you may need to adapt it in order to fit your own needs.In addition to how it may need to be adapted, you also need to think about the purpose you are trying to serve by writing the sample. Some students like to get an idea of the tone they should have, while others need to get a feel for what is expected of them.Another factor that you should keep in mind when preparing a sample essay is how the essay is used in the classroom. This is going to affect the success or failure of the essay. In other words, you will be looking at how the student's time is spent, the tests given and the assignment.You will also want to consider how well you think your writing will do in the test or project given by the professor. You want to find out if you are creating a good impression, as that will be reflected in the grade. You will want to consider the feedback from the instructor has given so far.Finally, think about how you will use the essay for your next class. You should think about how you would present the information in the class, as well as how it will do for the test or project. This is one thing that will cause confusion for you, as you may come up with different results depending on what you do or don't do.So there you have it, that is one of the common misconceptions about this type of essay. The goal is not to try to create a new type of essay but rather to prepare for one. By combining the sample essay with the structure of the essay, you will have more time to focus on the content and writing tips needed to produce an excellent essay.

Suicide Essays

Suicide Essays Suicide Essay Suicide Essay Teenage years are the hardest times. Your having changes in your body, going through relationships, and trying to plan your future. When you go to look for answers, it seems like no one has them. Thats what starts teenagers to feel alone. When they feel this way they will try to medicate themselves by drugs and alcohol or violence. Studies show that teens who feel this way are Suicide, intentional, self-inflicted death. A uniquely human act, suicide occurs in all cultures. People who attempt or complete suicide usually suffer from extreme emotional pain and distress and feel unable to cope with their problems. They are likely to suffer from mental illness, particularly severe depression, and to Suicide is becoming a public-health problem. It is now the leading cause of death worldwide. Researchers believe mental illness in young people are the cause of the increase in suicide. Not only do suicides rates differ between age groups but also men and women. Men succeed in more suicide s but more women attempt. Methods of suicide can differ from drug overdose to hanging. Poisoning or overdose is the least amount of suicide rates. Hanging is the leading method worldwide. The United States has 60 percent suicides committed by guns. Where it is less easy to get a gun in Canada there is only 30 percent committed suicides. Only 15 to 25 percent of those who kill themselves leave suicide notes. People often think suicide is caused by difficult situations such as failure in school or marriage. Experts believe those are just triggers and its really caused by the brain, genetics or social forces. The majority of people who kill themselves are suffering from depression. Researchers believe that genetics play a role in suicidal behavior. They believe it runs in the family. There are also some psychological theories.

Definition and Examples of Structural Violence

Definition and Examples of Structural Violence Structural violence refers to any scenario in which a social structure perpetuates inequity, thus causing preventable suffering. When studying structural violence, we examine the ways that social structures (economic, political, medical, and legal systems) can have a disproportionately negative impact on particular groups and communities. The concept of structural violence gives us a way to consider how and in what forms these negative impacts occur, as well as what can be done to curtail such harm. Background The term structural violence was coined by the Johan Gultang, a Norwegian sociologist. In his 1969 article, â€Å"Violence, Peace, and Peace Research,† Gultang argued that structural violence explained the negative power of social institutions and systems of social organization among marginalized communities. It is important to distinguish Gultang’s concept of violence from the term as it is traditionally defined (physical violence of war or crime). Gultang defined structural violence as the root cause of the differences between people’s potential reality and their actual circumstances. For example, potential life expectancy in the general population might be significantly longer than the actual life expectancy for members of disadvantaged groups, due to factors like racism, economic inequality, or sexism. In this example, the discrepancy between the potential and the actual life expectancy results from structural violence. Significance of Structural Violence Structural violence enables more nuanced analyses of the social, cultural, political, economic, and historical forces that shape inequality and suffering. It creates an opportunity to consider seriously the role of different types of marginalization – such as sexism, racism, ableism, ageism, homophobia, and/or poverty – in creating lived experiences that are fundamentally less equal. Structural violence helps explain the multiple and often intersecting forces that create and perpetuate inequality on multiple levels, both for individuals and communities. Structural violence also highlights the historical roots of modern inequality. The inequities and suffering of our time often unfold within a broader history of marginalization, and this framework provides a critical context for understanding the present in terms of its relationship to the past. For instance, marginalization in post-colonial countries often connects closely with their colonial histories, just as inequality in the U.S. must be considered with respect to complex histories of slavery, immigration, and policy. Structural Violence and Health Today, the concept of structural violence is widely used in the fields of public health, medical anthropology, and global health. Structural violence is particularly useful for examining suffering and inequity in the sphere of health. It highlights the complex and overlapping factors that influence health outcomes, such as in the case of health disparities (or inequity) between different racial or ethnic communities in the U.S. or elsewhere. Paul Farmer’s research, writing, and applied work in the field of global health has brought significant attention to the concept of structural violence. An anthropologist and physician, Dr. Farmer has worked in this field for decades, using the lens of structural violence to show the connections between vast differences in wealth accumulation and related disparities in health care and outcomes around the world. His work emerges from the intersections of public health and human rights, and he is the Kolokotrones University Professor of Global Health and Social Medicine at Harvard University. Dr. Farmer co-founded Partners in Health, an international organization that aims to improve preventable negative health outcomes in disadvantaged – and disproportionately ill – communities. Why is it at some of the world’s poorest countries are also the sickest? The answer is structural violence. Farmer and Partners in Health began working in Haiti in the mid-1980s, but the organization has since expanded to multiple sites and projects around the world. Projects related to structural violence and health include: The aftermath of the 2010 earthquake in HaitiTuberculosis epidemics in Russian prisonsReconstructing Rwanda’s health care system after the 1994 genocideHIV/AIDS interventions in Haiti and Lesotho Structural Violence in Anthropology Many cultural and medical anthropologists are influenced by the theory of structural violence. Key anthropological texts on structural violence and health are: Pathologies of Power: Health, Human Rights, and the New War on the Poor (Paul Farmer)Death Without Weeping: The Violence of Everyday Life in Brazil (Nancy Scheper-Hughes)Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies: Migrant Farmworkers in the United States (Seth Holmes)In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio (Philippe Bourgois) Structural violence is particularly prominent in medical anthropology, including the anthropology of global health. It has been used to analyze a variety of topics, including but not limited to substance abuse, migrant health, child mortality, womens health, and infectious disease. Sources Farmer, Paul. Haiti After the Earthquake. Public Affairs, 2011.Kidder, Tracy. Mountains Beyond Mountains: The Quest of Dr. Paul Farmer, a M an Who Would Cure the World. Random House, 2009.Rylko-Bauer, Barbara and Paul Farmer. Structural Violence, Poverty, and Social Suffering. The Oxford Handbook of the Social Science of Poverty. April 2017.Taylor, Janelle. Explaining Difference: Culture, Structural Violence, and Medical Anthropology. Office of Minority Affairs at Diversity, The University of Washington.

Labor law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Labor law - Essay Example In return, employers gained a loyal â€Å"internal labor market† of semi-trained workers that would save employers money required to recruit, and train. Beyond the implicit contract, unions were also successful in protecting against termination, requiring â€Å"just cause† instead of the more current employer flexibility of â€Å"at will† employment1. The ushering in of the boundaryless workplace has dismantled much of the New Deal labor structure, and has put a premium on individual skills and knowledge. Employees have become free agents in the workforce, needing such skills to compete for prevailing wages with no implicit or explicit guarantee of job security. The strongest protection workers now have is education and training. Stone also notes that those hurt the most by this instability are blue collar and untrained workers2. While the lack of security is tumultuous in itself, Stone argues that the current labor structure does not have answers for many of issues that the changing economy present. Using Stone’s method of chronicling historical changes in the employer-labor relationship, the trend towards a more flexible and boundaryless workforces has worked to improve opportunities for women and minorities. At the same time, however, she believes that, †the new employment relationship makes discrimination hard to identify and difficult to challenge3.† Successful attempts have been made to prevent overt discrimination such as Title VII, of the landmark 1964 Civil Rights law, the Age Discrimination Act of 1967, the Equal Pay Act of 1962, and the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act4. This legislation is effective in allowing women and minorities to gain access to the points of entry into an internal labor market, however, due to the breakup of internal labor markets, these acts do not address more modern forms of discrimination. Modern forms of discrimination have become

Cloud Computing Assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cloud Computing Assignment - Research Paper Example According to a theoretical viewpoint, the terms ‘cloud’ indicates the abstraction of resources, technology, and its location which are significant in establishing the incorporated infrastructure of computing which comprises of systems, networks, and applications. Most of the information technology experts view the concept of cloud computing as a model instead of technology. According to them, this model is used by the customers to plug into the â€Å"cloud† to access IT resources which are priced and provided â€Å"on-demand†. Essentially, IT resources are rented and shared among multiple tenants much as office space, apartments, or storage spaces are used by tenants (David, 2010). The concept of cloud computing is a substitution for the service providing or the data centre through the delivery of an internet connection. At the basic level, the concept of cloud computing relies on shared services and very broad infrastructure convergence. A very precise def inition of the model states that it is a computing system based on the internet technology where the software, platform, infrastructure, devices and other resources are provided by the virtual shared server on pay-as you- use basis. Therefore, all such information which is provided by the digitized system in the model is the cloud computing. These services can be accessed by users with the help of ‘internet cloud’ even if the users do not have any prior knowledge on the resource management. Thus, this technology can enable them to focus more on the basic business functions and processes instead of wasting time on gaining the knowledge on the resource management of the business processes. The usage of cloud computing does not require the ownership of any type of infrastructure. In this way they are able to avoid huge expenses. They only use the resources and pay for it and most of the infrastructure of cloud computing comprises of the services which are built on servers and delivered with the help of common centres. These types of data centres permit the business organizations to introduce their applications and make them more efficient and faster with an ease of maintenance and manageability. Moreover, they also make the Information Technology able of adjusting the resources quickly in order to meet the varying and uncertain business demands (Luit Infotech, 2012). History The fundamental concept of cloud computing originated in the 1960s, with John McCarthy giving his opinion that the concept of computation needs to be established as a public utility some day. Then, Douglas Parkhill's , in his book, The Challenge of the Computer Utility, published in 1966, thoroughly discovered almost all the advanced features of cloud computing, which include elastic provision, the usage of the private, public, community and government forms and the comparison to the electricity industry. There were other scholars and researchers too, during 1950s, who worked upo n the features, operations and feasibility of the cloud computing model. The real term "cloud" has been taken from the telephony in the companies of telecommunications, which had continued to offer the customers point-to-point data circuits until 1990s. Then, they began offering Virtual Private Network (VPN) services which lead the IT

Ethics Theories and the competing values framework

Ethics Theories and the competing values framework Ethics Theories and the Competing Values Framework Introduction Management theory and practice implicitly endorse some ethical values over others and this provides the basic ethical orientation of managers. But managers have to understand different ethical theories to find out best for a particular situation â€Å"Ethics can be defined as the systematic attempt to make sense of individual, group, organizational, professional, social, market, and global moral experiences in such a way as to determine the desirable, prioritized ends that are worth pursuing, the right rules and obligations that ought to govern human conduct, the virtuous intentions and character traits that deserve development in life, and to act accordingly. Put more simply, ethics is the study of individual and collective moral awareness, judgment, character, and conduct.†[1] Researchers propose three types of ethics namely, descriptive, normative and analytical. Ethical Theories There are a number of ethical theories. All these theories can be exhibited in four quadrants in the figure below[2]: Teleological Ethics Theories Teleological ethics theories proposes that beneficial ends and/or results determine the ethical value of actions. If, on balance, any action provides more benefits than costs to the relevant stakeholder (s) than by any other alternative, teleological ethics endorses the goodness of that choice. Three major types of teleological ethics are eudaimonism, utilitarianism, and egoism. Ethical Egoism Ethical egoism, is a teleological theory that holds that an action is good if it produces or tends to produce results that maximize a particular persons self-interest as defined by the individual, even at the expense of others. Ethical egoism discourages a person to help others when the person gets nothing out of it. Enlightened egoism emphasizes long-range self-interest simultaneously endorsing altruistic concern for the well being of others. An enlightened egoist, for example, may well avoid cheating and support community projects, not so much because these actions benefit others, but because they help achieve some ultimate goal for the egoist, such as social image enhancement that could lead to carrier advancement within an organization. Utilitarianism Principle of Utilitarianism proposes that an action can be considered as right only if the action produces most utility for all the people affected by the action. Utilitarianism principle holds that the action whose net benefits are greatest relative to the net benefit of all other alternative actions. Both future as well as immediate costs and benefits are taken into consideration in this principle. Utilitarians have come up with an alternate version of the principle of Utilitarianism called rule utilitarianism. According to this, an action is ethically right, if the actions would be required by moral rules which are correct. A moral rule is correct if the sum total of the utilities produced is greater than sum total of utilities produced if everyone follows an alternative rule. Rule Utilitarianism is applicable to a great extent to an organizational context. In an organizational situation, according to Rule Utilitarianism the correct moral rule is the one that would produce greatest utility for everyone affected. Eudaimonism or Theories of Happiness Eudaimonism is a teleological theory that endorses a course of action if it promotes or tends to promote the fulfillment of goals relating to human nature and its happiness. For example, this theory says that a manager enforces employee health and safety standards at work to ensure that employees derive happiness and satisfaction out of it. This theory is based on the premise that when a choice has to made between having a good time (maximizing pleasurable utility) and leading a good life (maximizing happiness) and the latter outcome was to be preferred to the former. Deontological Ethics Theories Deontological ethics theories maintain that responsibly fulfilling obligations, following proper procedure, â€Å"doing the right thing†, and adhering to moral standards determine the ethical value of actions. Deontological ethics maintains that irrespective of the consequences of an action, an action is ethical if it is morally right. Among the major types of deontological ethics are negative and positive rights theories, social contract theories, and social justice theories. Negative and Positive Rights Theories Negative rights theories hold that an action is right if it protects an individual from unwarranted interference from government and/or other people in the exercise of that right; for example, if a person has a right to privately use, sell, or dispose of his personal property as he chooses, this means that every other person has the correlative duty not to prevent him from privately using, selling, or disposing of his property as he freely chooses. Positive rights theories hold that an action is right if it provides any individual with whatever he or she needs to exist. For example, if he has a right to adequate health care to survive, this means that other agents (perhaps the government) have the correlative duty to provide him with entitled adequate health care, not merely to avoid interfering with its competitive acquisition. Social Contract Theories Social contract theories hold that an action is right if it conforms to the terms agreed upon, conditions, or rules for social well-being negotiated by competent parties. Social Justice Theories Social justice theories hold that an action is right if it promotes the duty of fairness in the distributive, retributive, and compensatory dimensions of social benefits and burdens. For managers, this approach stresses monitoring adherence to standard operating procedures and rewarding persons for adhering to contractual agreements in a coordinated manner. Virtue Ethics Theories Virtue ethics theories maintain that habitual development of sound character traits determines the ethical value of persons. For the virtue ethicist, sound, balanced character, motivation, and intention of an individual is more important than the persons actual conduct and its consequences. Three major types of virtue ethics theories focus on individual, work, and professional character which defines the required characteristics of the character of an individual or work or professional. System Development Ethics Theories System development ethics theories maintain that the ethical value of actions is determined by the nature and extent of the supportive framework for continuous improvement of ethical conduct. Managers should assess and develop work cultures supportive of ethical conduct. Ethical problems faced by Personnel Managers: The ethical issues faced by individual employees and managers are very different, since managers are responsible for the entire range of human resources activities such as hiring, firing, disciplining, and performance evaluation. A large number of the ethical issues that arise in business are human resources related and these can usually be addressed by local managers, who act quickly, fairly, and with compassion.3 Hiring and Work Assignments: A manager hires, or brings new people into the organization, and determines employee work assignments once employees are on the job. The new people may be permanent employees, or they may be part -time employees, temporary workers, or consultants. Performance Evaluation: Many times performance evaluation is not done objectively but is based[3] on the relationship of the executive with his appraiser. This defies the entire purpose of Performance Appraisal System which should ensure that a fair and transparent appraisal is done. This kind of favoritism may lead to demotivation of star performers and sends a bad signal in the company. One good way to ensure continuous performance evaluation is to establish a formal appraisal system where performance of an employee is measured continuously and through quantifiable parameters. By measuring the objectives and targets are quantifiable and objectively measured, the process becomes fair and ethical. An ongoing process can greatly reduce misunderstanding, resentment, and charges of discrimination or bias. Terminations: Termination done in any form is never pleasant and should be avoided at all times but at times management is faced with no choice but to terminate the employees. Layoffs can result from many kinds of reorganizations such as mergers, acquisitions, relocations, or as the result of economic reasons, or changes in business strategy. A layoff can stem from a decision to trim staff in one department, or from a decision to reduce head count company-wide. 4 There are steps a manager can take to make it easier for the employee being terminated. The main goals are to be fair, ethical and to allow the employee to maintain personal dignity. Manager should ensure that this step is taken as a last possible resort and if it is inevitable, manager should ensure that the employee is given sufficient notice to get a new job or come up beneficial schemes like voluntary requirements. Also, it would be more beneficial if management engages outplacement counselors or human resources professionals to meet with people who are laid off. Managing workforce diversity Managers are often placed with ethical issues of discrimination and unfair favoritism on the basis of the society and community that the employee belongs to. It is important for a manager to discourage any kind of bias based on religion, community and gender. Importance of Ethics in Business context Enron Scandal Enron Scandal a saga of how the truth unfolded and the one-time most reputed business of America went into trash. As the Consequential Theory of Utilitarianism says, an act is ethical or morally right only if the consequences of that action are more favorable than unfavorable to everyone. As in the case of Enron, it can be seen that whatever the top management did was favourable to only a bunch of officials while the sufferers were the stakeholders in the form of shareholders, employees, financial institutions, accounting firms etc. Also later, when the mask was off, all the culprit officials were penalized and punished which proves that truth cant be hidden for long. And the short-term benefit is too short when compared with long-term cost which one has to pay for its unethical acts. [4] Enron entered into a range of shady dealings, including concealing debts so they didnt show up in the companys accounts. This can be justified as according to the Normative Principle in Applied Ethics which talks about the â€Å"Right to information†. Enron lied about its profits as during its heyday from 1999 to 2000, the company reported very strong net income by dubious accounting exercises. But the actual amount of cash that Enrons businesses generated wasnt nearly as impressive. Wrong information is more catastrophic than no-information. This can be justified as according to the Normative Principle in Applied Ethics which talks about the â€Å"Principle of honesty† which says that one shall not deceive others. Insider Trading refers to the process where a person is in hold of certain information due to ones position in the organization and he uses it for his own advantage. Insider trading is both illegal and unethical. Enron CEO Ken Lay had been consistently selling Enron stock in 2001. Top management promoted Enron shares as a bargain to employees and linked all their pension plans to the same. These employees had lost up to 90 percent of their 401(k) retirement savings as Enrons shares trashed into ground. As per principle of Principle of Paternalism, one should assist others in pursuing their best interests when they cannot do so of themselves. In this case, employees were ignorant of the fact as to what was the company doing, moreover, they were ignorant of best practices so they relied on the advice of their CEO to invest in stocks.[5] Conclusion The collapse of Enron has made it clear that no matter how much profit an organization makes in short-run, for its survival in the long-run, it has to stick to the policies of ethical practice. Any organization that deviates from this, will suffer in the long-run. A manager would invariably be faced with ethical dilemmas in the daily working of an organization but he or she should not endorse unethical practices since it would harm the organization in the long run and no organization can sustain in long term on unethical practices and policies. References 1. Joseph A. Petrick John F. Quinn, (1997), Management Ethics: Integrity at Work, Sage Publications, Sage series in Business Ethics. 2. Ken Blanchard, Ch. 8. Managing by Values, P.33-36, in Integrity at Work, Edited by Ken Shelton, Executive excellence publishing, 1998. 3. Ken Blanchard, Ch. 8. Managing by Values, P.33-36, in Integrity at Work, Edited by Ken Shelton, Executive excellence publishing, 1998. 4. Willlmot Hugh, â€Å"Contributions of Poststructuralism and Posthumanism†, Ethics Organization, Sage Publications, 1998, Pg. 76 -121 5. Hart, O. , 1995, Corporate Governance: Some Theory and Implications, The Economic Journal 105, 678-689. 6. Retrieved from http://www.ethics.org/ [1] Joseph A Petrick John F. Quinn, Management Ethics: Integrity at Work, Sage Series on Business Ethics , 1997, p.43. [2] Ibid, p. 48 [3] Ken Blanchard, Ch. 8. Managing by Values, P.33-36, in Integrity at Work, Edited by Ken Shelton, Executive excellence publishing, 1998. [4] Willlmot Hugh, â€Å"Contributions of Poststructuralism and Posthumanism†, Ethics Organization, Sage Publications, 1998, Pg. 76 -121 [5]5 Hart, O. , 1995, Corporate Governance: Some Theory and Implications, The Economic Journal 105, 678-689.